How to Grow and Care for English Ivy
About English Ivy
English Ivy (Hedera helix) grows 6 to 8 inches tall as a ground cover and climbs much higher on supports. It is hardy in USDA zones 4 to 13 and grows best in part sun to part shade with medium water.
English Ivy is a high-climbing broadleaf evergreen vine in the Araliaceae (ginseng) family which originated in Europe, Scandinavia, and Russia. In North America, English ivy is widespread invasive species in urban landscapes and disturbed forests. The glossy 1-3 inch leaves are simple, green with a pattern of white variegation arranged in an alternate pattern. The bark is green with an exfoliating surface. Small gold/yellow or green flowers are produced in the summer and fall. The stems produce adventitious roots that allow English Ivy to climb whenever a vertical structure is available including shrubs, trees, poles, and the walls of homes. When planted in the landscape, it is invasive, weedy, and aggressive. English Ivy is adapted to a wide USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 4 – 13 with a wide range of acceptable soil conditions. Although English Ivy prefers dappled sunlight, it will grow in various light exposures including deep shade, partial shade, and full sunlight. English Ivy tolerates both alkaline and mildly acidic soil pH. Each English Ivy may extend 24’ to 60’. It aggressively spreads into native forests, where it smothers tall trees as well as the forest floor, preventing native wildflowers, shrubs, and trees from sprouting. Alternatives should be considered. English Ivy may be used in containers or as houseplants. All parts of English Ivy may cause contact dermatitis. English Ivy was once used as a topical agent for its antifungal and antimicrobial properties. English Ivy is mildly poisonous to humans and represents a potential problem for cats, dogs, and horses.
When to Plant English Ivy
Plant English ivy outdoors in spring or early fall. As a houseplant it can be potted any time of year.
How to Plant English Ivy
English Ivy prefers partial shade however it will grow in various exposures including full sun. English Ivy prefers moist nearly neutral soil with adequate drainage. English Ivy if planted in landscape requires up to 60 feet per plant. Because of a very aggressive growth pattern English Ivy is best maintained in containers or as a houseplant. Recommended methods of propagation include division, root cutting, seed, and stem cutting.
English Ivy Care
English Ivy grows aggressively once established. Control of growth and containment of the spread of English Ivy is the primary issue. If an erect growth pattern is desired a pole, fence, or trellis must be provided.
Fertilizing English Ivy
Supplemental fertilization in an established landscape is not needed. Once per month fertilization of English Ivy when container-grown or as a house plant will promote growth.
Pruning English Ivy
English Ivy grows aggressively once established. Control of growth and containment of the spread of English Ivy is the primary function of pruning. All parts of English Ivy may be removed during the year.
English Ivy Pests and Diseases
Omnivorous loopers (Sabulodes aegrotata) are a type of moth. They damage English ivy plantings while still in the larval stage. Aphids, whiteflies, and mealybugs feed on the cellular sap from English ivy plantings. Spider mites can cause considerable damage to English ivy and other plants. They form large colonies on the lower sides of leaves and drain juices from the plant. Foliar sprays of neem oil or insecticidal soap may be used on container-grown or house plants.
Is English Ivy Toxic to Cats and Dogs?
Yes. PlantTAGG does not rate English ivy as pet-friendly, and the ASPCA lists it as toxic to dogs, cats and horses. The leaves contain saponins that cause vomiting, drooling and diarrhea. If you think a pet has eaten a toxic plant, call your veterinarian or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center at (888) 426-4435.
English Ivy FAQs
Is English ivy invasive?
Yes, in many parts of North America. It escapes into woodlands and smothers trees, and several states list it as invasive. Check local guidance before planting it outdoors.
Will English ivy damage walls?
Its aerial rootlets can damage loose mortar, wood siding and paint. It is safest on sound masonry or a freestanding trellis.
How do I care for English ivy indoors?
Give it bright, indirect light, let the top inch of soil dry between waterings and mist it in dry winter air to discourage spider mites.
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